An increasing amount of research suggests that coffee may have various health benefits for those suffering from chronic diseases. Specifically, many studies have been conducted on the relationship between coffee and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. We investigated published studies that have explored the effects of coffee and its components or extracts on MetS, obesity, diabetes, blood pressure, and dyslipidemia. While some evidence suggests that moderate coffee consumption can positively impact MetS risk and management, the results have been inconsistent across different genders, ages, and nations. Different definitions of MetS and variations in study design, coffee types and consumption classification, and confounding factors have made research on coffee and MetS somewhat challenging. Therefore, the limitations of existing studies should be considered when drawing conclusions. Further investigation is needed.