AbstractBackground Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common but underrecognized complication among patients withend-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving hemodialysis. PAD contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality, yetdata from Palestine are lacking. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PAD and examine its association withclinical and laboratory characteristics in hemodialysis patients.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and November 2023 at the dialysis center in alarge tertiary accredited teaching hospital, the main referral center in the northern West Bank, Palestine. A total of 278patients undergoing regular hemodialysis were enrolled. PAD was diagnosed using the ankle–brachial index (ABI)measured by handheld Doppler ultrasound; ABI ≤ 0.90 indicated PAD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data werecollected from patient interviews and medical records. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factorsassociated with PAD and to estimate adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.Results PAD was detected in 150 of 278 patients (54%). The mean age was 57 ± 16 years, and 176 (63.3%) were male.Hypertension was present in 236 (84.9%), diabetes mellitus in 147 (52.9%), and cardiac disease in 85 (30.6%). PAD wassignificantly associated with older age (p = 0.01), longer dialysis duration (p = 0.03), hypertension (p = 0.025), diabetes(p = 0.023), cardiac disease (p = 0.008), and lower serum phosphorus levels (p = 0.03). No significant associations wereobserved with gender (p = 0.448), smoking (p = 0.836), prior myocardial infarction (p = 0.074), stroke (p = 0.170), physicalactivity (p = 0.688), vascular access type (p = 0.688), duration of hypertension (p = 0.281), or duration of diabetes

Title

BMC Nephrology

Publisher

Dr Mohanad hassan

Publisher Country

Palestine

Indexing

Scopus

Impact Factor

2.7

Publication Type

Online only

Volume

27

Year

2026

Pages

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