Background

Patient safety culture (PSC) is a foundational element of healthcare quality and risk management. In Palestine, healthcare institutions face unique challenges, including political instability and resource limitations, which hinder efforts to establish a robust PSC. This study aimed to assess PSC among healthcare providers in a tertiary academic hospital in the West Bank, identify key determinants, and examine associations with safety-related outcomes.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 232 full-time healthcare providers using the Arabic version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) Version 2.0. Data were collected electronically between June 25 and July 8, 2023. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Spearman’s correlations, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze perceptions of PSC and identify predictors of overall safety culture.

Results

The overall average positive response rate across PSC domains was 67.4%. Teamwork within Units (79.2%) and Organizational Learning—Continuous Improvement (78.6%) were the highest-rated domains, while Staffing and Work Pace (56.5%) and Non-punitive Response to Error (51.9%) were lowest. Only 34% of participants reported any safety events in the past year. Regression analysis revealed that Teamwork within Units (β = 0.31, p < .001), Organizational Learning (β = 0.25, p = .002), and Management Support for Safety (β = 0.18, p = .014) were significant predictors of overall PSC scores, accounting for 42% of the variance (R² = 0.42).

Conclusions

The findings indicate moderately positive perceptions of PSC among healthcare providers, with significant room for improvement in staffing adequacy and non-punitive error response. Teamwork, organizational learning, and managerial support emerged as critical drivers of safety culture. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions to strengthen PSC in resource-constrained and politically complex settings like the West Bank.

Title

SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine

Publisher

Springer Nature

Publisher Country

Switzerland

Indexing

Scopus

Impact Factor

None

Publication Type

Online only

Volume

8

Year

2026

Pages

8, 74 (2026)